ABSTRACT
INTRODUCCIÓN: cualquier actividad empresarial para ser sostenible, debe asumir una actitud preventiva que le permita reconocer la necesidad de integrar la variable ambiental en su sistema de dirección y gestión empresarial. OBJETIVO: diseñar e implementar el sistema de gestión ambiental en la Droguería La Habana según la norma ISO 14001:2004. MÉTODOS: se creó un equipo de trabajo para el diseño, planificación y verificación de la implementación del sistema de gestión ambiental, el cual abarcó el período de enero del 2009 al primer semestre del 2012. Se realizó la revisión ambiental inicial a través de una entidad acreditada y se ejecutaron las fases requeridas para el diseño e implantación del referido sistema. RESULTADOS: en la revisión ambiental inicial se detectó que solo se cumplía con el 55 por cientoe los requisitos legales aplicables. Como parte de la fase de implementación se estableció la política integrada de la Empresa Comercializadora de Medicamentos (EMCOMED) como política ambiental de la entidad y el Programa de Gestión Ambiental. Se elaboraron y ejecutaron de manera eficaz los planes de formación y se implantaron 50 documentos que permitieron alcanzar un 82 por ciento de cumplimiento de los requisitos legales aplicables. No hubo sobreconsumos de agua potable ni de portadores energéticos respecto a lo planificado. En el 2011 se redujo la generación de desechos de medicamentos en un 64 por ciento. Se manejaron adecuadamente los desechos de medicamentos generados, eliminando más del 80 por ciento de estos y en el 2011 se incrementó la recuperación de materiales reciclables hasta 48 toneladas. Los resultados mostraron que la gestión ambiental en el período 2010-2011 fue eficaz. CONCLUSIONES: el cumplimiento de las tres primeras fases del diseño del sistema de gestión ambiental permiten llevar a cabo de forma exitosa su implementación(AU)
INTRODUCTION: For any business activity to be sustainable, it is necessary to assume a preventive attitude that allows it to recognize the need of integrating the environmental variable into the business administration and management system. OBJECTIVE: To design and to implement the environmental management system of Drogueria La Habana in compliance with ISO 14001:2004 standard. METHODS: A working team was appointed for design, planning and checking of the implementation of an environmental management system which covered the period of January 2009 through the first semester of 2012. The initial environmental review was made by a credited agency and the three phases established for the design and the implementation of the quoted system were fulfilled. RESULTS: The initial environmental review detected that just 55 percent the applicable legal requirements was met. As part of the implementation phase, the integral policy of Empresa Comercializadora de Medicamentos (EMCOMED) was adopted as the environmental policy of Drogueria as well as the environmental management program. The formation plans were effectively prepared and carried out in addition to the incorporation of 50 documents that allowed reaching 82 percent ompliance with the applicable legal requirements. There was not overconsumption of either drinking water or energy components in relation to the planned figures. In 2011, the generation of drug residues dropped by 64 percent. The handling of generated drug wastes was better since over 80 percent of them were eliminated and in this same year, the recovery of recyclable materials increased to 48 tons. The results showed that the environmental management was effective in the 2010-2011 period. CONCLUSIONS: The fulfillment of the first three phases of the design of the environmental management system allows its successful implementation(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Pharmaceutical Preparations , Environmental Management/legislation & jurisprudence , CubaABSTRACT
O planejamento e a gestão de políticas públicas aplicadas às mudanças climáticas exigem por parte de diferentes atores mediados pelo Estado, adoção de estratégias de adaptação e mitigação. Estas políticas envolvem setores distintos e precisam ser capazes de interferir e corrigir a evolução das atividades de uso/ocupação/transformação do solo urbano de forma que as atividades favoreçam o equilíbrio entre as dimensões ambientais, econômicas e sociais nas metrópoles. O desafio de associar as políticas climáticas e urbanas passa pela complexidade dos diálogos federativos nas metrópoles brasileiras. Estes aspectos da gestão e planejamento de políticas a nível inter federativo atuam no sentido de dificultar a gestão integrada e a realização dos objetivos das políticas com impacto na questão climática. Admitindo a relevância da legislação como elemento estruturador do processo de implementação de políticas públicas, o presente estudo tem por objetivo identificar, no texto das políticas urbana e climática de alguns municípios integrantes da Região Metropolitana de São Paulo, assim como na legislação correspondente do Estado de São Paulo e da União, elementos de articulação e integração para a superação dos desafios apontados. Para isso foi utilizada pesquisa documental e técnica de análise de conteúdo partindo de quadro de categorias teóricas, fundamentado na literatura da área. Em paralelo, foi feita análise comparativa de políticas europeias e portuguesas de Mudanças Climáticas...
The planning and management of environmental public politics related to the climate changes, require from the state mediated actors, an adoption of mitigation and adaptation strategies. These strategies need to be able to step in and correct the evolution of the use / occupation / transformation of urban land activities so that activities favoring the balance between environmental, economic and social dimensions in the metropolises. The challenge of linking climate and urban policies involves the complexity of federal dialogues in Brazilian metropolises. This problem in the management and planning policies to inter federal level acts to hinder the integrated management and the achievement of policy objectives with impact on climate change. Admitting the importance of legislation as the structuring element of the implementation of public policies, this present research aims to identify elements of integration on environmental and sectorial policies concerning the interface with the climate changes by involving different federal dimensions and the governmental sectors. Therefore we will use documental research, comparative analysis of Portuguese and European politics of Climate Changes with the collected information in 2013 and the analysis technique of the categories framework build by the literature taken elements which once contemplated by politics, indicate positive conditions of integrated management. Among the results, the analysis of selected normative indicate...